BMI is not related to altruism, fairness, trust or reciprocity: Experimental evidence from the field and the lab

Abstract

Over the past few decades obesity has become one of the largest public policy concerns among the adult population in the developed world. Obesity and overweight are hypothesized to affect individuals’ sociability through a number of channels, including discrimination and low self-esteem. However, whether these effects translate into differential behavioural patterns in social interactions remains unknown. In two large-scale economic experiments, we explore the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and social behaviour, using three paradigmatic economic games: the dictator, ultimatum, and trust games. Our first experiment employs a representative sample of a Spanish city’s population (N = 753), while the second employs a sample of university students from the same city (N = 618). Measures of altruism, fairness/equality, trust and reciprocity are obtained from participants’ experimental  decisions. Using a variety of regression specifications and control variables, our results suggest that BMI does not exert an effect on any of these social preferences. Some implications of these findings are
discussed.